Adaptive inverse control of a vibrating coupled vessel-riser system with input backlash

This article involves the adaptive inverse control of a coupled vessel-riser system with input backlash and system uncertainties. By introducing an adaptive inverse dynamics of backlash, the backlash control input is divided into a mismatch error and an expected control command, and then a novel adaptive inverse control strategy is established to eliminate vibration, tackle backlash, and compensate for system uncertainties. The bounded stability of the controlled system is analyzed and demonstrated by exploiting the Lyapunov’s criterion. The simulation comparison experiments are finally presented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the control algorithm

CVPR 2023 Text Guided Video Editing Competition

Humans watch more than a billion hours of video per day. Most of this video was edited manually, which is a tedious process. However, AI-enabled video-generation and video-editing is on the rise. Building on text-to-image models like Stable Diffusion and Imagen, generative AI has improved dramatically on video tasks. But it's hard to evaluate progress in these video tasks because there is no standard benchmark. So, we propose a new dataset for text-guided video editing (TGVE), and we run a competition at CVPR to evaluate models on our TGVE dataset. In this paper we present a retrospective on the competition and describe the winning method. The competition dataset is available at https://sites.google.com/view/loveucvpr23/track4.Comment: Project page: https://sites.google.com/view/loveucvpr23/track

Choice of Demand Mode for Subsea Safety Systems

In the real industry project, which new technology and systems have blossomed and have been codified, many problems and challenges regarding the application of international safety systems standard IEC 61508 in low demand and high demand have been encountered. For instance, automatic train protection system (ATP) is argued to be both low demand system and continuous mode system. A low demand blow-out preventer (BOP) system will operate in high demand mode to withstand the well pressure for hours and weeks when it is activated to full closure. In the real case, both reliability assessments for low and high demand mode could be requested due to the vague and ambiguous statement of concepts and definitions in the IEC standard. Current existing researches put main emphasis on low demand systems, but addresses on high/continuous demand systems are few.This master?s thesis which is written in co-operation with Aker Solutions aims at discussing those problems confronted in IEC 61508 and summarizing the existing academic work, mathematical models as well as relevant industry guideline. By assuming the system will operate in both low demand and high/continuous demand mode, Subsea High Integrity Pressure Protection System as a case example is used to illustrate the problems in the case study. Both probability of failure on demand (PFD) and probability of dangerous failure per hour (PFH) are calculated by PDS method as the low and high/continuous demand mode reliability assessment. The results from the case study in terms of SIL are found out to be inconsistent. This problem is discussed and traced back to the general quantitative SIL allocation method in IEC 61508-5. The thesis therefore attempts to develop a general consistent SIL range by carrying out SIL calibriations with Matlab. New correction factor is calculated and a new proposed SIL table is given. The decisions on following IEC 61508 SIL table is further argued. Both pros and cons of different solutions are compared

Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Factors Driving the Distributions of Pine Wilt Disease-Damaged Forests in China

Many forests have suffered serious economic losses and ecological consequences of pine wilt disease (PWD) outbreaks. Climate change and human activities could accelerate the distribution of PWD, causing the exponential expansion of damaged forest areas in China. However, few studies have analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics and the factors driving the distribution of PWD-damaged forests using continuous records of long-term damage, focusing on short-term environmental factors that influence multiple PWD outbreaks. We used a maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model that incorporated annual meteorological and human activity factors, as well as temporal dependence (the PWD distribution in the previous year), to determine the contributions of environmental factors to the annual distribution of PWD-damaged forests in the period 1982–2020. Overall, the MaxEnt showed good performance in modeling the PWD-damaged forest distributions between 1982 and 2020. Our results indicate that (i) the temporal lag dependence term for the presence/absence of PWD was the best predictor of the distribution of PWD-damaged forests; and (ii) Bio14 (precipitation in the driest month) was the most important meteorological factor for affecting the PWD-damaged forests. These results are essential to understanding the factors governing the distribution of PWD-damaged forests, which is important for forest management and pest control worldwide

Intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) maturation is influenced by draining lymph nodes of lung cancer

Background Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) is an organized infiltration of immune cells, showing features of germinal center (GC) commonly seen in secondary lymphoid organs. However, its relationship with tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) has not been studied and we hypothesized that TDLN may influence maturation of intratumoral TLS in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods Tissue slides of 616 patients that had undergone surgeries were examined. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to assess risk factors of patients’ survival, and logistic regression model was used for their relationship with TLS. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) was employed to explore transcriptomic features of TDLNs. Immunohistochemistry, multiplex immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were performed to analyze cellular composition. Cellular components of NSCLC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas database were inferred with Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter (MCP-counter) method. Murine NSCLC models were used to dissect underlying mechanisms for relationship between TDLN and TLS maturation.Results While GC+ TLS was associated with better prognosis, GC− TLS was not. TDLN metastasis reduced the prognostic relevance of TLS, and was associated with less GC formation. Primary tumor sites showed reduced B cell infiltration in TDLN-positive patients, and scRNA-seq revealed diminished memory B cell formation in tumor-invaded TDLNs, together with an emphasis on weakened interferon (IFN)-γ response. Murine NSCLC models revealed that IFN-γ signaling is involved in memory B cell differentiation in TDLNs and GC formation in primary tumors.Conclusions Our research emphasizes the influence of TDLN on intratumoral TLS maturation and suggests a role of memory B cells and IFN-γ signaling in this communication

Carbapenem-Resistant E. cloacae in Southwest China: Molecular Analysis of Resistance and Risk Factors for Infections Caused by NDM-1-Producers

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has been considered a serious global threat, but carbapenem resistance remains relatively uncommon in E. cloacae, especially in China. The aim of this study was to characterize carbapenem-resistant E. cloacae (CR-ECL) isolates from 2012 to 2016 in Southwest China. Our study revealed that 20 (15.2%) of the 132 CR-ECL isolates obtained from patients were identified as NDM-1, with most isolates carrying the IncFIIA plasmids. Notably, we initially observed that the E. cloacae strain co-harbored NDM-1 and IMP-8 carbapenemases simultaneously. Analysis of the genetic environment of these two genes has revealed that the highly conserved regions (blaNDM-1-bleMBL-trpF-tat) are associated with the dissemination of NDM-1, while IS26, intI1, and tniC could be involved in the spread of IMP-8. Molecular epidemiology studies showed the nosocomial outbreak caused by NDM-1-producing E. cloacae ST88. Transferring from another hospital and previous carbapenem exposure were identified as independent risk factors for the acquisition of NDM-1-producing E. cloacae. These findings emphasize the need for intensive surveillance and precautions to monitor the further spread of NDM-1 in China

Selection and mechanism exploration for salt-tolerant genes in tomato

<p>High salinity is a major destructive environmental factor limiting the growth and productivity of plants. In this study, we selected 8 significantly enriched salt stress-related pathways and 17 differentially expressed genes based on RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). We verified the salt tolerance of the selected key genes using qRT-PCR and combined molecular biology and physiology to explore the salt tolerance mechanism of <i>ASR2-like</i> and <i>ASR3-like</i> genes using the salt-tolerant tomato cultivar LA2711 and the salt-sensitive tomato cultivar ZS-5. The results showed that exogenous ABA significantly increased all physiological indexes but decreased the transcript levels of two target genes compared with untreated controls under salt stress, suggesting that the two genes play an important role in salt tolerance in the form of negative dependence on ABA. Combined with the ABA adaptation pattern and the relationship between the target gene and ABA in the process of response to salt stress, we concluded that <i>ASR2-like</i> and <i>ASR3-like</i> might respond to salt stress by increasing the activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes and proline content via negative dependence on ABA. Taken together, these results provide a good resource for the genetic improvement of tomato and a theoretical basis for obtaining tomato varieties with high resistance to salt.</p